Wunderlich syndrome (WS) is a spontaneous, non-traumatic retroperitoneal haemorrhage confined to the subcapsular or perinephric spaces.Various neoplastic and non-neoplastic pathologies can cause this entity, renal angiomyolipoma being the most common.Early accurate diagnosis and timely intervention are required for a favourable outcome.We present t
Cord Blood Metabolome Is Highly Associated with Birth Weight, but Less Predictive for Later Weight Development
Background/Aims: Fetal metabolism may be changed by the exposure to maternal factors, and the route to obesity may already set in utero.Cord blood metabolites might predict growth patterns and later obesity.We aimed to characterize associations of cord blood with birth weight, postnatal weight gain, and BMI in adolescence.Methods: Over 700 cord blo
Immunogenetic mechanisms driving norovirus GII.4 antigenic variation.
Noroviruses are the principal cause of epidemic gastroenteritis worldwide with GII.4 strains accounting for 80% of infections.The major capsid protein of GII.4 strains is evolving rapidly, resulting in new epidemic strains with altered antigenic potentials.To test if antigenic drift may contribute to GII.4 persistence, human memory B cells were imm